Find the poisoned Bottle of wine
The King of a small country invites 1000 senators to his annual party. As gifts, each senator brings the King a bottle of wine, for a grand total of 1000 bottles of wine. Each bottle is signed by the senator who gave it.
At the end of the party, the Queen tells the King that one of the senators is trying to assassinate him, and has put deadly poison in the bottle of wine he gave as a gift. Unfortunately, the Queen doesn't know which senator is the traitor (and thus doesn't know which bottle of wine has the poison in it).
The King has 10 servants. He views them as expendable, and does not care if they live or die. He decides to use them to figure out which bottle is poisoned, which will then indicate which senator is trying to assassinate him.
His plan is to make each servant drink from zero or more of the bottles of wine. The King knows that the poison is such that if a servant drinks it, he will feel fine until noon on the next day, at which point he will instantly drop dead.
The King must know for sure who the traitor is by noon on the day after the party, or else the traitor will try to find another way to assassinate him. This essentially means that he has one shot to make his servants drink the wine in order to figure out which is the poison wine.
Note that the King can make any of the servants drink from any of the wine bottles. He does not need to make all of the servants drink wine if he doesn't want to. Any servant who drinks from the poisoned bottle will die the next day at noon.
How can the King figure out for sure who the traitor is by noon on the following day?
At the end of the party, the Queen tells the King that one of the senators is trying to assassinate him, and has put deadly poison in the bottle of wine he gave as a gift. Unfortunately, the Queen doesn't know which senator is the traitor (and thus doesn't know which bottle of wine has the poison in it).
The King has 10 servants. He views them as expendable, and does not care if they live or die. He decides to use them to figure out which bottle is poisoned, which will then indicate which senator is trying to assassinate him.
His plan is to make each servant drink from zero or more of the bottles of wine. The King knows that the poison is such that if a servant drinks it, he will feel fine until noon on the next day, at which point he will instantly drop dead.
The King must know for sure who the traitor is by noon on the day after the party, or else the traitor will try to find another way to assassinate him. This essentially means that he has one shot to make his servants drink the wine in order to figure out which is the poison wine.
Note that the King can make any of the servants drink from any of the wine bottles. He does not need to make all of the servants drink wine if he doesn't want to. Any servant who drinks from the poisoned bottle will die the next day at noon.
How can the King figure out for sure who the traitor is by noon on the following day?
I have suggestion we all know that 1000 is under binary of 10 BITS:
ReplyDeletenow mark every bottle from from 1to 1000 with respect to the senators
Now,you can see one example if the binary digit for a bottle is
1110001110
then bottle will be drink by servant as per the bits number i.e. servant 10,9,8,4,3,2
in this way the king can find out easily that if the set of these people dies then the bottle having this binary will be having the poison.
@Muffadal yeah i have also come up with this solution...
ReplyDeletethis is the same as you discuss for memory problem
ReplyDelete